“Enemy-Controlled Battlespace”: The Contemporary Meaning and Purpose of Additional Protocol I’s Arti
Author: Kubo Mačák* and Michael N. Schmitt PDF: “Enemy-Controlled Battlespace”: The Contemporary Meaning and Purpose of Additional Protocol I’s Article 44(3) Exception Abstract The contemporary propensity for, and risk of, armed conflict taking place among the civilian population has cast a new light on several long-standing challenges to the application of international humanitarian law (IHL). One is the determination of combatant status and, more specifically, the question